Betaine increases muscle strength and performance

A study by the University of Connecticut found that 14 days of a betaine supplementation (1.25 grams twice daily) increased muscle performance and strength (bench press and bench press throw strength, vertical jumps and isometric squats) compared to a placebo. Betaine (also known as trimethylglycine or TMG) is an amino acid compound found in wheat, spinach, seafood and beetroot. It is an important regulator of body water and is useful in reducing levels of an inflammation-promoting chemical called homocysteine, which is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. Livestock farmers use betaine to increase muscle mass in beef cattle. Betaine supports glutathione in detoxifying liver regeneration and is useful in preventing depression.

Betaine is an important human nutrient that is rapidly absorbed and used as an osmolyte (fluid regulator) and is involved in amino acid reactions that help maintain liver, heart and kidney health. TMG reduces homocysteine blood levels and may enhance athletic performance.
(Journal International Society Of Sports Nutrition, 7: 27, 2010)