Frangulin

Frangulin is a plant-based active substance from the group of the anthraquinone glycosides, which occurs mainly in the bark of the alder buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula). This substance is one of the typical constituents that give the alder buckthorn its pharmacological effect. Frangulin occurs in various forms, among them Frangulin A and Frangulin B, which differ in their sugar component. The use of Frangulin goes far back into traditional medicine. As early as the Middle Ages, alder buckthorn bark was employed because of its laxative properties. In dried and matured form, the bark is still used in herbal medicinal products today. The effect is presumably based on the activation of intestinal movement and the promotion of bowel emptying.

What benefits does Frangulin offer for health?

Frangulin is researched and used above all in connection with digestive health. In traditional medicine the active substance is applied above all for constipation. This area of application is in part supported by studies. More studies are necessary in order to be able to make conclusive statements here.

  • Laxative effect: According to scientific investigations, Frangulin promotes intestinal movement and thus facilitates bowel emptying (1,2).
  • Traditional use for constipation: Preparations with alder buckthorn bark that contain Frangulin were classically used against occasional constipation.
  • Support with sluggish bowels: With functional bowel complaints, Frangulin can, according to traditional medicine, contribute to short-term relief.

How does Frangulin act in the body?

The effect of Frangulin is based on its belonging to the anthranoids. These are among the natural plant substances and are known for their laxative effect (2).

Are there any risks or side effects?

  • Not for continuous use: Prolonged or high-dose application can lead to electrolyte disturbances and dependence.
  • Signs of irritation: Gastrointestinal complaints such as abdominal cramps or diarrhea can occur.
  • Contraindications: Preparations containing Frangulin should not be used during pregnancy, breastfeeding or in the case of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases and should always be applied under medical supervision.

Conclusion

Frangulin is a significant constituent of alder buckthorn bark with a laxative effect, which is applied in traditional and modern herbal medicine for short-term constipation. The effect is scientifically well comprehensible, yet the substance may only be used for a limited period of time and with attention to possible risks. Frangulin thus remains a classic example of a plant-based active substance that can be positioned between traditional use and modern regulation.

Sources:

  1. European Medicines Agency. (2007, July 5). Assessment report on Rhamnus frangula L., cortex (Frangula alnus Miller), frangula bark. Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC). Doc. Ref: EMEA/HMPC/76306/2006. London: Author. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-report/final-assessment-report-rhamnus-frangula-l-cortex-frangula-alnus-miller-cortex-frangula-bark_en.pdf
  2. Vögtli, A. (2024, November 7). Anthranoide. PharmaWiki. © PharmaWiki 2007–2025. https://www.pharmawiki.ch/wiki/index.php?wiki=Anthranoide