Tree Cholla

The Tree Cholla, botanically usually classified under the species Cylindropuntia imbricata or related Opuntia genera, is a succulent cactus from the cactus family (Cactaceae). Its German name “Dattelkaktus” (date cactus) refers to the elongated, date-like fruits that are formed by some species of this genus. The plant is native to the arid and semi-arid regions of North and Central America, where it thrives in deserts, steppes, and scrubland. It is characterized by its resilient segments covered with glochids and spines, as well as a high adaptability to extreme heat and drought. In various cultures, certain species of the Tree Cholla were traditionally used – whether as a food source, as a medicinal plant, or for building natural fences. The fruits and parts of the plant enjoy high regard, particularly in Mexican and southwestern American folk medicine. In modern plant research, too, the constituents of succulent cactus plants are gaining increasing importance.

What benefits does the Tree Cholla offer for health?

In traditional medicine and in more recent studies, the Tree Cholla has been linked to a number of potential health-promoting effects. Unfortunately, the research to date is still very limited, which is why definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. In addition, when looking at the studies, it is important to differentiate exactly which plant they were conducted with. Here are some of the effects investigated in studies:

  • Rich in fiber and digestion-supporting: The fruits contain soluble and insoluble fiber, which supports digestion and can have a positive effect on the intestinal flora (1).
  • Antioxidant effects: The plant contains flavonoids, polyphenols, and vitamins, which contribute to neutralizing free radicals (1,2).
  • Blood sugar regulation: Similar to other Opuntia species, some studies show a possible blood sugar-lowering effect, which could be of interest for people with type 2 diabetes (2).
  • Traditionally anti-inflammatory: In folk medicine, preparations made from parts of the plant are applied externally for insect bites, skin irritations, and inflammation.

How does the Tree Cholla work in the body?

The health-related effects of the Tree Cholla are based, among other things, on an interplay of polyphenols, flavonoids, betalains, vitamins, and various minerals. These have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and blood sugar-stabilizing effects (1,2,3).

Are there any risks or side effects?

  • Spine residues in the fruit: Caution is advised when eating wild-harvested fruits, as microscopically small spines (glochids) can irritate the skin and mucous membranes.
  • Laxative effect: The high fiber content can have a laxative effect in larger quantities.
  • Allergic reactions: In rare cases, skin reactions or stomach complaints have been observed – especially in people sensitive to other cactus plants.

Conclusion

The Tree Cholla is a robust desert plant with versatile uses. Its fruits are not only a nutritious addition to the diet but also contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential. Even though further research is needed to understand its medicinal effects, the Tree Cholla is already considered an interesting plant at the interface between food and natural remedy.

Sources:

  1. Coutiño Laguna, B. del C., Flores Gallegos, A. C., Ascacio Valdés, J. A., Iliná, A., Sáenz Galindo, A., Castañeda Facio, A. O., Esparza González, S. C., & Rodríguez Herrera, R. (2022). Physicochemical and functional properties of the undervalued fruits of cactus Cylindropuntia imbricata (“xoconostle”) and antioxidant potential. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 39, 102245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102245
  2. de la Sota-Esparza, G. E., Alvarado-Vázquez, M. A., Rivas-Morales, C., Rocha-Estrada, A., Chávez-Reyes, A., & Ortíz-Martínez, D. M. (2024). Antidiabetic potential of extracts from Cylindropuntia imbricata (Haw.) F.M. Knuth, Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelm., Ibervillea sonorae (S. Wats.) Greene and Theobroma cacao L. TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, 27, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2024.663
  3. Gouws, C. A., Georgousopoulou, E. N., Mellor, D. D., McKune, A., & Naumovski, N. (2019). Effects of the Consumption of Prickly Pear Cacti (Opuntia spp.) and its Products on Blood Glucose Levels and Insulin: A Systematic Review. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 55(5), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55050138